How the Academy Got Its Start

Tucked into the charming waterfront town of Annapolis, Maryland, is a place steeped in tradition, pride, and crisp uniforms. It’s a place where history isn’t just remembered, it’s lived every single day. We're talking, of course, about the U.S. Naval Academy.

Whether you’re a history buff, a proud parent, or someone who just appreciates a good crab cake with a side of patriotism, there’s something special about walking through the gates of the Yard. Before you book that tour, let’s take a brief look at how this iconic institution began. Naval Academy history is more than dates and buildings—it’s a story of vision, evolution, and service.

The Beginning: Anchors Aweigh in 1845

The U.S. Naval Academy was founded on October 10, 1845, right along the banks of the Severn River in Annapolis. But why here? Why then?

In the early 1800s, the U.S. Navy was growing, and it became clear that on-the-job training at sea just wasn’t enough. The military organization needed a location where future officers could receive formal education in navigation, engineering, and leadership before setting sail and experiencing the high seas. Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft got it started, launching what was then called the “Naval School” with just 50 students and seven professors.

Bancroft chose Fort Severn—an unused Army post in Annapolis—as the Academy’s first home. It was quiet, secure, and close enough to Washington D.C. to keep an eye on things. Little did anyone know, this modest start would grow into one of the most respected military academies in the world.

It all started right at T-Court, in front of Bancroft Hall. In fact, you can see the plaque that shows the exact spot where the U.S. Naval Academy began in 1845.

From Naval School to National Landmark

In 1850, the “Naval School” officially became the “U.S. Naval Academy,” with a new curriculum and a four-year course of study (similar to what it offers today). Over the decades, the Academy expanded in size, academic rigor, and prestige.

During the Civil War, the Academy temporarily relocated to Newport, Rhode Island, to avoid Confederate threats. But Annapolis remained its true home, and it returned as soon as the war ended.

By the 20th century, the Naval Academy was producing some of the Navy’s most legendary figures—Admiral Chester Nimitz, President Jimmy Carter, and astronaut Alan Shepard, to name just a few. The Academy also opened its doors to women in 1976, further strengthening its legacy of leadership.

Today, enrollment at the Naval Academy hovers around 4,400 midshipmen, each undergoing a rigorous application process and committing to serve after graduation. The USNA is considered the U.S.’s best four-year public college by U.S. News & World Report. While this is an incredible honor, the USNA goes beyond the typical distinction of an educational institution. It’s not just a college—it’s a calling, echoed in “The Call to Serve,” a moving film you can see at the Armel-Leftwich Visitor Center.

History You Can Walk Through

The beautiful thing is that Naval Academy history isn’t tucked away in a dusty archive. It’s a living, breathing thing, right here in Maryland. When you visit, you don’t just read about history, you experience it. Here are some of our favorite ways:

Enjoy a Guided USNA Tour: Not only will you learn the fascinating tidbits that are not common knowledge, but you’ll be able to stand where naval heroes trained (and future ones continue to do so).
Step into the Naval Academy Museum: You’ll find centuries of maritime artifacts and stories, including the table, writing implement, and items that witnessed General Douglas MacArthur’s historic signing of the Japanese Instrument of Surrender in “Victory of the Pacific,” as well as one of the finest collections of warship models,with models made of wood and bone dating all the way back to the 17th century!
Visit John Paul Jones’ Crypt: Created to mirror the deep waters of the ocean, the black marble columns and sarcophagus saluting this early naval hero are a must-see when you visit the Academy.

Remember, every time you dine, shop, or tour the Yard, you’re supporting the Brigade of Midshipmen. That’s right—your lunch and t-shirt purchases help fund extracurricular programs like the arts, music, theater, club sports, and more, all of which fuel camaraderie and teamwork.

Your Turn to Be a Part of the Story

From its humble beginnings in 1845 to its status today as one of the premier military academies in the world, the Academy stands as a testament to the values that shape our nation’s leaders.

So why just read about it when you can experience it?

Schedule your trip now. Walk the paths of legends. Enjoy the Yard. Eat well, shop smart, and savor the atmosphere of a place where history happens every single day.

We’ll see you at the Academy—past, present and future, all in one unforgettable visit.

On The Yard